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Muscles, Nerves, and Blood Vessels of the Eyes

By

James Garrity

, MD, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science

Reviewed/Revised Mar 2022 | Modified Sep 2022
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The optic nerve (a cranial nerve), which carries impulses from the retina to the brain, as well as other cranial nerves, which transmit impulses to each eye muscle, travel through the orbit (the bony cavity that surrounds the eyeball).

An ophthalmic artery and a central retinal artery (an artery that branches off of the ophthalmic artery) provide blood to each eye.

Similarly, ophthalmic veins (vortex veins) and a central retinal vein drain blood from the eye. These blood vessels enter and leave through the back of the eye.

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